小王算钱

CAREERS / AFTER A LAYOFF

From here,
one thing at a time.

Right after the notice, the questions arrive all at once: how much is the severance, what happens to health insurance, where does the next job come from. We start with the email from HR and take them one at a time.

You do not have to read this in one sitting, or settle everything before you start looking for work. Begin with the problem in front of you.

Chapter 1

You just got the notice. First, work out what the company actually said

You may already have a job board open, or you may still be sitting there stunned. Give yourself a moment. Then open the email from HR. We start with the answers that are in it.

By the end of this chapter you will know which dates to confirm and with whom, and which records to save while you still can.

The company is paying two more months. Does that mean I leave in two months?

The email may mention a last working day, an official termination date and a pay schedule all at once. They answer different questions: when you stop working, when the employment relationship ends, which day your salary runs through, and when the last payment arrives. Separate them first, so that health insurance and immigration status do not get tangled up later.

For example, "eight weeks of severance" does not by itself tell you how long your health insurance continues, and it does not set your immigration timeline. Those answers come from the separation documents and from the people responsible for each. A date you cannot find yet can stay blank; send an email and ask.

Also ask both "which day is my salary paid through" and "which day is the final paycheck issued". A later payment date does not mean the employment relationship lasts until then. The field below records the payment date. Keep the pay-through date in HR's written reply.

A way to ask HR
Hi HR team, could you please confirm my last working day, official employment termination date, the last day covered by my regular salary, the date my final paycheck will be issued, and the end date of my medical coverage? Please also let me know who I can contact after my company email is deactivated.

What you can do now

  1. Find the termination notice and the severance documents, and save the personal copies you are allowed to keep.
  2. Confirm the dates below with HR. If you are on a work visa, also check the status-related dates with the company's immigration team.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.

Once your accounts are closed, can you still get your own records?

Ask yourself: if the company email stopped working tomorrow, where would you get a pay stub or an immigration document, or reset the password on your stock account? The answer tells you what to save first.

Find out when each system closes, then deal with the records that concern you. Follow company policy even when saving your own pay, benefits, immigration and equity documents. Project code, customer data and internal designs are the company's confidential information or intellectual property. On your résumé, describe your contribution and publicly shareable results in your own words.

If the account is already closed, write to HR, payroll or the benefits provider from a personal email, say which personal document you need, and ask how former employees can get it. You may still be sent tax forms or follow-up documents, so check that the personal email and mailing address they hold are correct.

What you can do now

  1. Ask when email, HR, expense and stock systems close, and how to reach people after you leave.
  2. Save what applies to you: pay stubs, tax forms, separation documents, copies of immigration filings, benefits and equity records.
  3. Move important personal accounts to a personal email. If signing in depends on a code or authenticator on a company phone, change the verification method first, then test that you can sign in.
  4. Submit expenses already incurred that the policy allows, and keep the receipts. Before returning equipment, handle personal data the way the company requires.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.

The severance document is long. Where do I start?

Look for three answers first: what the company will pay you, when, and what you agree to by signing. Put amounts and payment dates in one list and clauses you do not understand in another. You do not have to resolve everything on the first read.

Final pay, expenses already incurred and severance are separate items. Do not look only at the total; check each against your pay stubs and the documents. Signing, revoking and benefit subsidies may each have their own deadline. Whether a given deadline applies depends on your documents and the rules that cover you.

What you can do now

  1. List the severance amount, how it is paid, final pay, vacation payout and any health insurance subsidy, and ask HR about anything that does not match.
  2. Mark clauses you do not understand, such as confidentiality, release of claims or repayment. Consider a professional review when the amount is large, the terms are complex or something is disputed.
  3. Write down the signing and revocation deadlines that apply, and leave yourself time to read and ask.
  4. Keep each open question with its owner and next follow-up date. Keep the email threads, and update your notes when an answer arrives.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.

Chapter 2

After you leave: immigration status and health insurance

Things the company used to handle are now yours to handle. Read the parts that apply to you and skip any section about an account or a status you do not have.

This chapter helps you settle the next step for your status, health insurance and benefit accounts. You do not have to decide everything today.

For people on a work visa · skip if it does not apply

On a work visa: get your own timeline straight first

Start with your I-94 record, your approval notice and the termination date HR confirmed. "60 days", as people say in group chats, is a useful prompt to plan early. It does not replace checking your own documents.

For the classifications it covers, the rule is up to 60 consecutive days or the time left on your authorized stay, whichever is shorter, subject to conditions and to discretion. Continued salary or severance paid in instalments cannot by themselves be used to infer how long your status lasts.

Read the official policy first and list the options that may apply: a new employer, a change of status, becoming a dependent on a spouse's status, or leaving the country. If a green card process is under way, the timeline is unclear or you need to file something, check feasibility and filing requirements with a lawyer.

What you can do now

  1. Check your classification, your I-94 expiry date and your official termination date against each other.
  2. Write down your first choice, a fallback and the questions you need answered. Set a date to review progress.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.
USCIS: options after termination of employment ↗

I have a doctor's appointment next month. Will my insurance still work?

First confirm the day your current coverage ends. Then compare what comes next against your own needs: whether your usual doctors are in the network, whether long-term prescriptions are covered, when the new plan starts and what it really costs per month.

COBRA lets you temporarily continue the company's group health plan if you qualify, often at a much higher cost. A spouse's employer plan and the state or federal health insurance marketplace are also worth comparing. Each has its own enrolment deadline, and one plan's deadline does not apply to another.

If you or a family member is in treatment, ask the insurer and the doctor first how to keep treatment and coverage continuous. You can collect quotes and dates before choosing. Writing down a deadline does not mean you are enrolled.

What you can do now

  1. Ask the benefits team for the COBRA notice and confirm the premium, any company subsidy, the election deadline and the first payment deadline.
  2. Compare a spouse's plan and the marketplace on start date, doctor network and drug coverage.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.
US Department of Labor: COBRA questions and answers ↗

HSA and FSA sound alike. What happens to each when I leave?

Check the benefits site to see which accounts you actually have. An HSA is a health savings account. The money in it stays yours after you leave, and there is no need to rush to spend it. Confirm that you can sign in with a personal email afterwards and whether the account charges a fee. Whether you can keep contributing depends on whether you still meet the eligibility rules.

For an FSA, ask two things in particular: the latest date an expense can be incurred and still qualify, and the latest date a claim can be submitted. The two dates can differ. Being able to submit an old bill after leaving does not mean a new expense incurred after leaving is reimbursable.

If you only have an HSA, deal with the HSA. If you only have an FSA, ask about the FSA plan rules. A health FSA and a dependent care FSA may work differently, so confirm with the benefits team which one you are in.

What you can do now

  1. HSA: check the balance and fees, test signing in with a personal email, and keep receipts for qualified medical expenses.
  2. FSA: ask the benefits team separately for the deadline to incur expenses, the deadline to submit claims and how to submit after leaving.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.
IRS Publication 969: HSAs and FSAs ↗

Chapter 3

How much room does your money give you?

Living costs, severance and stock tend to blur into one number in your head. Laid out separately, they show which decisions can wait and which need preparing for.

You will end up with a first cash-flow sheet and know what to look up about equity and unemployment benefits.

Work out your monthly living costs first

Start with rent or mortgage, food, health insurance and what your family cannot do without, and estimate what a month really costs. List separately the cash you can use at any time and the income that is confirmed but not yet received.

A simplified example: with $30,000 in available cash and $5,000 a month in necessary spending, and nothing else coming in or going out, you are covered for about six months. A move or a one-off expense changes the answer. Severance whose amount is not confirmed and benefits not yet approved do not count as money in hand.

This number sets your pace. Which expenses to cut or pause, and when to widen the search, are easier to decide from it than from staring at a bank balance.

What you can do now

  1. In your own spreadsheet, list separately: available cash, confirmed future income, monthly spending and one-off spending.
  2. Project the balance at 30, 60 and 90 days using actual payment dates, and set a date to redo it.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.

For people with RSUs, options, ESPP or a 401(k) · skip if it does not apply

Company equity and the 401(k): what happens after you leave?

Start with what the account calls each item. RSUs usually vest in stages under set conditions. Stock options give you the right to buy shares at a set price. An ESPP is an employee stock purchase plan. Each is treated differently when you leave.

Confirm what has vested and what stops vesting. If you hold options, find the post-termination exercise period: the last date you can buy at the set price. Once you have the deadline, look at the cash needed, the tax and the risk. Having a deadline does not mean you should exercise right away.

Treat the 401(k) separately. Record the account and plan details and understand what leaving it, rolling it over or withdrawing would mean. If you have a loan against it, confirm what happens to it when you leave. Once you know the plan rules, you can also leave the account where it is and decide later.

What you can do now

  1. RSUs: confirm the date vesting stops and what happens to vested shares. ESPP: confirm what happens to contributions not yet used to buy shares.
  2. Options: save the grant documents, number of options, exercise price and expiry details. Write down any tax term you do not understand as a question.
  3. 401(k): confirm that you can sign in after leaving, what the fees are and how any loan is handled. Understand the tax consequences before a rollover or a large transaction.

Write the answers here once you have them. Leave blank anything unknown or not applicable.

This only keeps a record. It does not calculate legal deadlines or send reminders, so put important dates in your own calendar too.

I am getting severance. Is unemployment insurance still worth looking into?

Unemployment insurance is an option worth checking, but not everyone qualifies. Do not count it in your cash flow just because you were laid off, and do not rule yourself out just because you received severance or do not hold a green card. Each state reviews the reason you left, your wage record, your current income and your work authorization.

Take California. The California EDD requires enough wages in the base period, unemployment through no fault of your own, and, for every week you claim, being able to work, available for work, actively looking and ready to start immediately. A non-citizen must also show that the wages used to establish the claim were earned with lawful status and work authorization, and that status and work authorization are still valid in each week claimed. The EDD verifies this with the Department of Homeland Security.

So for someone on H-1B or another employer-tied status, the grace period after a layoff is not automatically authorization to work for a new employer, and they may not meet California's requirements. The EDD decides from each person's documents. Separately, the public charge rules changed on September 18, 2026: DHS rescinded the 2022 regulation and returned to case-by-case judgment by officers, who may consider any means-tested public benefit. Unemployment insurance is generally not in that category, because it is paid from your past wage record and not on the basis of household income and assets. But the new rule does not list which benefits count, and the old rule's explicit statement that unemployment insurance is an earned benefit and is not considered no longer applies. If you are applying for a green card or plan to, check with an immigration lawyer before you claim. (Checked October 5, 2026.)

Other states have their own programs and standards. Start with the state where you worked. If you now live elsewhere or worked in several states, ask the state agency where to file.

What you can do now

  1. Gather your employment dates, employers and wage records, and check eligibility and how to apply on the state government's official site.
  2. On a work status, first confirm that you have work authorization during the weeks you would claim. After applying, watch for the state's regular certification requirement and keep job-search records as required.
California EDD: eligibility ↗DHS final rule rescinding the 2022 public charge regulation (July 2026) ↗
My notebook All dates and actions are kept here

This is the same record as in the chapters. Leave blank whatever does not apply; there is no need to tick everything. If you ticked "email sent to confirm" and have not had a reply, put a follow-up in your own calendar.

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This course helps you organise questions and actions. It is not legal, immigration, tax or medical advice for your situation. Check the rules against official guidance, your company's documents and your own circumstances. Examples only illustrate the approach.

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